The equity impacts of bus rapid transit: A review of the evidence and implications for sustainable transport

The paper offers an analysis of empirical evidence on the equity impacts of operational Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems in the Global South. The focus is on vertical equity, i.e. whether BRT systems achieve progressive benefits for poorer segments of the population. Findings from Africa, Asia, and Latin America all suggest that BRT does offer significant benefits to low-income groups, in terms of travel time and cost savings, access enhancement, and safety and health benefits. However benefits are often skewed toward medium-income users and thus less progressive than they might be. Two primary reasons for this are insufficient spatial coverage and inappropriate fare policies. While many features of BRT potentially allow it to deliver pro-poor outcomes, such outcomes only materialize if BRT implementers pay specific and sustained attention to equity. The paper identifies key issues that need to be addressed to steer BRT implementation toward more socially sustainable outcomes—including better integration with other transit, paratransit, and nonmotorized transport services, and with the housing sector.     

论加强地勘单位人才队伍建设

随着地勘业务的不断拓展,笔者深深感到人才已是制约地勘单位发展的重要瓶颈,必须创新机制,大力实施"人才兴院"战略,最大限度发挥人才作用,才能保持单位地勘经济的快速发展。     

苹果中腐霉利残留快检测定及方法评估

本研究以阿克苏苹果样品中腐霉利的残留为研究对象,采用行业标准《蔬菜和水果中有机磷、有机氯、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类农药多残留的测定》(NY/T 761—2008)为参比方法,分别选取3家快检试剂盒测定苹果样品中添加的不同浓度腐霉利标品,根据《食品快速检测方法评价技术规范》对其快检适用性进行评估.结果显示,试剂盒A与试剂盒C在0.3 mg·kg-1浓度以上呈阳性结果,灵敏度为75％、特异性为100％、假阴性率为25％、假阳性率为0;试剂盒B在0.1 mg·kg-1以上呈阳性结果,其灵敏度为100％、特异性为50％、假阴性率为0、假阳性率为50％;3家试剂盒的显著性差异均为83.33％、相对准确度为8.1％.所选试剂盒适用于苹果中腐霉利残留量的快速筛查.     

A synthesis of homelessness in South Africa: A rapid critical appraisal

Homelessness in South Africa requires collaborative research. Social, political, cultural and economic factors that cause homelessness must be considered to develop a common definition and understanding of homelessness. South Africa’s social complexity and diversity make it challenging to construct available results into one conceptual framework, and this in turn complicates national policy implementation and role allocation. By means of a rapid critical appraisal of literature on homelessness in South Africa, researchers provide evidence to direct and structure contextual research pertaining to homelessness. Four themes transpire: conceptualisation; demography; roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders; and strategic policy and research issues. Researchers caution that the findings are not generalisable, because of the rapid nature of the appraisal and possible selection bias of the literature. Measures of validity were used to ensure that the study accomplished its purpose through the key results and to ensure that the results are a true reflection of available evidence.     

快速成形网络化制造系统的IDEF0功能模型

IDEF0功能模型在快速成形网络化制造系统中发挥着积极作用。本文首先阐述了IDEF0功能模型,并介绍了快速成形网络化制造系统的原理,然后结合实例对IDEF0功能模型的实际应用进行了分析。     

关于建筑监理体系建设的一些探讨

随着国家经济的快速发展,各行各业都在不断地进步和创新以适应时代的脚步,建筑作为国之富强的一项外在体现,应该更加的加强建筑的质量,完善建筑监理体系,建设利国利民的高质量建筑,下面就关于建筑监理体系建设作出一些简单的讨论。     

袁店一矿主井箕斗装载硐室优化施工工艺快速施工

介绍装载硐室通过优化施工工艺,精心组织、科学管理,采用正台阶掘进法分上、下台阶施工装载硐室,总结了一套科学、实效的施工工艺,从而保证快速施工。     

应用Microsoft Excel软件计算渐开线圆柱齿轮尺寸的研究

为了快速、准确地计算渐开线圆柱齿轮的几何尺寸和测量尺寸公法线长度或者圆棒跨距,在没有齿轮设计软件的情况下,文章对应用Excel表来计算的方法进行了研究,其计算速度比用一般函数计算器提高数百倍,大大提高了齿轮设计人员和工艺人员的工作效率。     

冷链物流“最后一公里”快速配送方法研究

冷链物流“最后一公里”的品质配送，对于实现全程冷链以及提升企业形象有着重要的意义。为了实现冷链物流的快速配送，本文提出了一种基于复杂网络的“最后一公里”物流配送区域划分方法。该方法构建了现实生活中物流配送的复杂网络模型，然后基于两阶段的LinkRank社区发现算法实现了物流配送区域的划分，最后建立了一套完善的物流配送体系。该体系明确了配送中转站以及配送点所覆盖的区域，这些区域所包含的社区物流关系紧密、易于配送。本文通过案例研究，验证了方法的有效性，最终方案可有效提高“最后一公里”的配送效率和降低物流成本。     

Impact of bus rapid transit on housing price and accessibility changes in Sydney: A repeat sales approach

ABSTRACT

New public transport infrastructure is expected to improve accessibility for local residents, and thus contribute to increased land value. The contribution that a bus rapid transit (BRT) system can make to increased land value is less certain than for rail-based systems, with the literature mostly containing bus-based examples from developing countries with extensive BRT networks. This article considers a BRT system named the Liverpool–Parramatta Transitway (LPT) that was implemented in southwestern Sydney in 2003 to improve public transport accessibility in the local area. A repeat sales model is constructed to investigate the impact of the LPT on residential housing prices and accessibility changes using repeat sales data from before and after the opening of the LPT. This identified little price difference between properties close to LPT stations and outside of the area that could be considered as affected by the LPT service coverage. This outcome is at variance with the theoretical underpinning of land value uplift and other empirical evidence relating to the LPT. Hedonic models using the same repeat sales data investigate the study area in more detail, stratifying the sample by housing type and by comparing separate before and after models. These research outcomes identify the extent to which the BRT system has an impact on local housing prices through accessibility improvements to the study area and provide a deeper understanding as to how the quantification of land value uplift from BRT represents one element of the wider economic benefits of a BRT system.